Nigeria Property Centre

Property in Ikoyi, Lagos

There are 13,861 flats, houses, land and commercial properties for sale and rent in Ikoyi as of 24 Aug 2026, with an average price of ₦45M. Every listing is posted by an estate agent or developer you can contact directly — filter by price, type, furnishing and recency to find the right home.

Premium Plus Top promoted listing
Waterfront 5 Bedroom Penthouse Flat with BQ
14 photos
₦850,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

Waterfront 5 Bedroom Penthouse Flat with BQ

Pay 40% and spread balance payment for this Waterfront luxury 5 bedroom Penthouse flat with Bq off Banana Island, Ikoyi available for sale. Also available; 5 bedroom with Bq Construction stage: 5th floor. Completion time: 18 months Features Elevator Swimming pool Gym 247 security En-suite bedrooms Water treatment Serenity Excellent rental value Ample parking space Agency fee applies Price: N850m 0 - 24 months payment plan

Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos
5 Beds 5 Baths 6 Toilets 3 Parking

Bankofproperty LTD

Newly Built 4 Bedroom Terraced Duplexes with BQ — Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium Verified Photos
25
₦850,000,000

Terraced duplex for sale

Newly Built 4 Bedroom Terraced Duplexes with BQ

Direct Brief/ We Have Direct Instruction From The Owner To Sell. For sale Four(4) Bedroom townhouses with the following details : Located in a very serene location in Ikoyi, Lagos. Price: ₦850 Million Naira. Features include : - 4 En-suite bedrooms. - Boys'Quarter (BQ) - Ante room/Foyer - Visitor's Toilet. - 2 Living Rooms /family lounges. - Dining area. - Fully equipped kitchen with a pantry - Box/storage room. - Study/Home Office. - Boy's quarter (BQ). - Modern fittings and fixtures. - Cctv surveillance cameras. - In-built speakers. - Communal swimming pool. - Communal lounge area. Title: Governor's Consent, deed of assignment & building approvals. For further enquiries and inspection kindly contact us on 07065266133, 07010281009 Email: [email protected] We have other Listings in Banana Island Estate, Falomo Osborne, Parkview Estate, Old Ikoyi, 2nd Avenue Estate, 3rd Avenue, Abacha Estate, Abdullahi Adamu Estate, Awolowo Road Ikoyi, Banana Island, Bourdillon Road, Cooper Road, Dolphin Estate Estates, Gerrard Road, Grenadines Skyvilla, Mojisola Onikoyi Estate, Osborne Foreshore Estate, Osborne Phase 1, Glover Road, Osborne Phase 2, Queen's Drive, Shoreline Estate

Ikoyi, Lagos
4 beds 4 baths 5 toilets
Bera Deals
1 Bedroom Apartment — Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
7
₦25,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

1 Bedroom Apartment

CW10127 a luxurious 1-bedroom apartment is available for rent in the prestigious Ikoyi. The property offers a spacious living area, contemporary kitchen, rooftop terraces, elevator access, and reliable power and water infrastructure. Rental Details Rent: ₦25,000,000 per annum Additional Charges Service Charge: ₦5,000,000 Agency Fee: 10% Legal Fee: 10% Caution Fee: 10% Features & Amenities Fully En-Suite Bedroom Spacious Living Area Fitted Kitchen Elevator Access Rooftop Terraces Dedicated Transformer Borehole & Water Treatment Plant 2 Brand-New Generating Sets Reliable Power & Water Infrastructure Highlights Prime Ikoyi Location Luxury Contemporary Apartment Rooftop Terrace Spaces Elevator Access Dedicated Transformer Dual Power Backup Systems Water Treatment Facility Ideal for Executives and Professionals Location: Ikoyi, Lagos Rent: ₦25,000,000 per annum For more Information, Pricing and Private Viewings Please Contact: Olade: +234 810 875 5286 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] Website: www.cwlagos.com We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate

Ikoyi, Lagos
1 bed 1 bath 2 toilets
C W Real Estate
Corporate Deal for 5 Units of Luxury 4 Bedroom Terrace House, with BQ — Banana Island Estate, Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
3
₦50,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

Corporate Deal for 5 Units of Luxury 4 Bedroom Terrace House, with BQ

Direct paying clients preferable Corporate deal for 5 nos Premium 4 bedroom terrace house with bq, etc in Banana Island Estate Ikoyi Price: N50M per annum each Exclusive of closing fees In your best interest, deal with highly trusted luxury real estate professionals at no extra cost. Call Prince Ademola Osinuga International now to pay and move in immediate

Banana Island Estate, Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos Added today
4 beds 4 baths 5 toilets 2 Parking
Prince Ademola Osinuga International
Luxury Top Floor Furnished 2 Bedroom Apartment with BQ — Parkview Estate Ikoyi, Parkview, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
1
₦25,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

Luxury Top Floor Furnished 2 Bedroom Apartment with BQ

Direct paying clients preferable Furnished and spacious 2 bedroom apartment with bq, etc in Parkview Estate Ikoyi Price: N25M per annum N4m service charge Exclusive of closing fees In your best interest, deal with highly trusted luxury real estate professionals at no extra cost. Call Prince Ademola Osinuga International now to pay and move in immediately

Parkview Estate Ikoyi, Parkview, Ikoyi, Lagos Added today
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets 2 Parking
Prince Ademola Osinuga International
4 Bedroom Penthouse — Ikoyi, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
12
₦3,500,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

4 Bedroom Penthouse

Now selling 4 Bedroom Penthouse with Elevator, Swimming Pool, Gym & BQ located in a serene neighbourhood. Location: Ikoyi Price: 4 Bedroom Maisonette: N1.5 billion 4 Bedroom Penthouse: N3.5 billion Title Documents Governor's Consent. Features: -Elevator -Swimming Pool -Gym -BQ -Fitted kitchen with accessories -All rooms Ensuite -Modern pop Cieling -Water Heater -Heat Extractor -Excellent Finishing -Ample Parking spaces

Ikoyi, Ikoyi, Lagos Added today
4 beds 4 baths 5 toilets
Ikon Realty World LTD
3 Bedroom Waterfront Apartment with BQ — Parkview, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
12
₦25,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

3 Bedroom Waterfront Apartment with BQ

Waterfront luxury in parkview, ikoyi For rent 3-bedroom waterfront apartment + BQ Experience elevated waterfront living in the prestigious Parkview Estate, Ikoyi. This exquisite 3-bedroom apartment with a BQ offers a serene blend of luxury, comfort and breathtaking waterfront views, complemented by premium lifestyle amenities. Property Features: - 3 Spacious Bedrooms - BQ - Waterfront View - Swimming Pool - Fully Equipped Gym - Beautiful Garden Area - Secure & Serene Environment - Ample Parking Space - Prime Location --- Parkview Estate, Ikoyi Rent: ₦25,000,000 per annum Enjoy the calm of waterfront living with the luxury and convenience you deserve. Contact Jossy Divine Properties Nig Ltd today to schedule an inspection.

Parkview, Ikoyi, Lagos Added today
3 beds 3 baths 4 toilets 2 Parking
Jossy Divine Properties Nig LTD
4 Bedroom Maisonette — Ikoyi, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
12
₦1,500,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

4 Bedroom Maisonette

Now selling 4 Bedroom Maisonette with Elevator, Swimming Pool, Gym & BQ located in a serene neighbourhood. Location: Ikoyi Price: 4 Bedroom Maisonette: N1.5 billion Title Documents Governor's Consent. Features: -Elevator -Swimming Pool -Gym -BQ -Fitted kitchen with accessories -All rooms Ensuite -Modern pop Cieling -Water Heater -Heat Extractor -Excellent Finishing -Ample Parking spaces

Ikoyi, Ikoyi, Lagos Added today
4 beds 4 baths 5 toilets
Ikon Realty World LTD
Luxury Waterfront Fully Detached Mansion — Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
22
₦5,500,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Luxury Waterfront Fully Detached Mansion

Luxury Waterfront 5Bedroom Fully Detached Mansion Title Governor's consent Building approval Location ikoyi lagos Price: ₦5.5 billion Private elevator Private swimming pool Waterfront location and views Fully fitted modern kitchen Premium kitchen appliances Spacious living and dining areas Family lounge walk in closets Large balconies terrace Contemporary architectura Design Premium finishe Throughout Private compound Parking space for 6 Cars Boys quarters Staff quarters Laundry and utility area Cctv security system 24/7 Security Excellent road network and accessibility

Ikoyi, Lagos
5 beds 5 baths 6 toilets 6 Parking
Jupero Properties
3 Bedroom Furnished Apartment — Banana Island, Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
10
₦75,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

3 Bedroom Furnished Apartment

Fully furnished 3 Bedroom apartment for rent Location: Banana island, ikoyi Rent: 75 million naira or 60k usd Service charge: 4.2 naira Diesel: included in service charge Legal:10% (this is negotiable) Agency: 10% Caution: 10% Amenities: Swimming pool Sit-out areas Air conditioning Balcony 24/7 security 24/7 light Good road network Flood-free area Good water Easy access to both mainland bridges and Lekki axis NB: No BQ Short-let is allowed No unfurnished option (It must go furnished) 5EL2

Banana Island, Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos Added today
3 beds 3 baths 4 toilets 3 Parking
Touchstone Haven Realty Limited
Waterfront Mini-Estate 5 Units of 5-Bedroom Mansions on 4600 SQM — Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
20
$25,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Waterfront Mini-Estate 5 Units of 5-Bedroom Mansions on 4600 SQM

A rare legacy asset in Lagos most prestigious waterfront address. This expansive private mini-estate comprises five (5) luxurious, fully furnished 5-bedroom detached houses on 4,600 sqm of prime land within the ultra-exclusive Banana Island enclave. Bulk Sale for usd 25M Property Details: - Property Type: Detached Houses (Mini-Estate) - Bedrooms: 5 per unit (25 bedrooms total across 5 houses) - Land Size: 4,600 sqm - Location: Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos - Title: C of O - View: Stunning waterfront/lagoon view standout features: - Private jetty with direct water access - Helipad (proposed/provisional) - Fully equipped gym and fitness center - 24/7 uninterrupted power supply - Industrial-grade generator backup - Beautifully landscaped lawns and gardens - Expansive outdoor recreation areas - Premium security within gated estate - Breathtaking lagoon views ideal for: - Ultra-high-net-worth family compound - Corporate headquarters or executive housing - Embassy/diplomatic residence - Premium luxury rental portfolio - Institutional investment Why This Property: Large multi-unit compounds on Banana Island are extremely rare. This trophy asset offers unmatched scale, privacy, and prestige in Nigeria's most sought-after address---perfect for legacy wealth preservation or high-yield luxury investment. Viewing requirement: Proof of Funds (POF) required for private inspection and full documentation pack. Do well to contact us for more details and viewing arrangements.

Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos
25 beds 25 baths 30 toilets 20 Parking
Ejo Properties Limited
5 Bedroom Fully Detached House — Luxury 5-Bedroom House with 2 Separate Rooms Service Quarters, Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
8
₦120,000,000 /yr

Detached duplex for rent

5 Bedroom Fully Detached House

5-Bedroom Fully Detached House - Banana Island, Ikoyi - ₦120M/Year For Rent: Fully detached luxury 5-bedroom house with 2 separate rooms service quarters, a security house, and ample parking space, located in a quiet and serene close in the prestigious Banana Island, Ikoyi. Location: Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos Rent: ₦120,000,000 per annum Tentative Total Package: ₦156,000,000 Charges: Agency -- 10% - Legal -- 10% - Caution -- 10% Comes With: - 2 separate rooms service quarters - Security house - Ample parking space - Spacious living areas - Secure and serene environment - Prime location - Luxury finishing

Luxury 5-Bedroom House with 2 Separate Rooms Service Quarters, Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos Added today
5 beds 5 baths 6 toilets 4 Parking
Island Luxury Homes
Premium 3 Bedroom Apartment with BQ, Pool, Gym, Elevator Etc — Parkview Estate Ikoyi, Parkview, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
1
₦25,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

Premium 3 Bedroom Apartment with BQ, Pool, Gym, Elevator Etc

Direct paying clients preferable New and spacious 3 bedroom apartment with bq, swimming pool, gym, etc in Parkview Estate Ikoyi Price: N25M per annum N4m service charge Exclusive of closing fees In your best interest, deal with highly trusted luxury real estate professionals at no extra cost. Call Prince Ademola Osinuga International now to pay and move in immediately

Parkview Estate Ikoyi, Parkview, Ikoyi, Lagos Added today
3 beds 3 baths 4 toilets 2 Parking
Prince Ademola Osinuga International
Lifetime Asset 5 Bedroom Waterfront Mansion with Private Jetty — Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
19
$8,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Lifetime Asset 5 Bedroom Waterfront Mansion with Private Jetty

A rare trophy asset in one of Africa's most prestigious waterfront addresses---a private mini-estate comprising five (5) units of 5-bedroom detached houses on a large expansive 4,600 sqm land parcel within Banana Island, Ikoyi -- Lagos most exclusive waterfront enclave. Property Overview: - Price: Usd 8M Per Unit - Type: Detached House (Mini-Estate) - Bedrooms: 5 Bedrooms Mansion - Land Size: Awesome 4,600 sqm plot size - Location: Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos - View: Water View Property Designed for ultra-high-net-worth buyers seeking privacy, scale, and lifestyle, the estate combines premium outdoor space with standout waterfront and leisure features. Features: - Private Jetty (waterfront lifestyle) - Helipad (Provisional Proposed) - Gym Fitness Centre - Generator Set Steady Power Supply - Manicured lawns and outdoor recreation space - 24/7 Power - Located within an exclusive mini-estate setting - Amazing Water View Ideal Buyer: Perfect for private family legacy ownership, corporate residence, embassy-grade accommodation, or a high-end rental portfolio. For private viewing, tour, and full due diligence pack, Proof of Funds (POF) is required. Contact us: Ejo Properties Limited

Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos
5 beds 6 baths 6 toilets 5 Parking
Ejo Properties Limited
5-Bedroom Fully Detached House with Swimming Pool — Luxury 5-Bedroom House with a Room Service Quarters, Security House, Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
8
₦130,000,000 /yr

Detached duplex for rent

5-Bedroom Fully Detached House with Swimming Pool

5-Bedroom Fully Detached House with Swimming Pool - Banana Island, Ikoyi - ₦130M/Year For Rent: Fully detached luxury 5-bedroom house with a room service quarters, security house, ample parking space, and swimming pool, located in the prestigious Banana Island, Ikoyi. Location: Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos Rent: ₦130,000,000 per annum Tentative Total Package: ₦169,000,000 Charges: Agency -- 10% - Legal -- 10% - Caution -- 10% Comes With: - Room service quarters - Security house - Swimming pool - Ample parking space - Spacious living areas - Secure environment - Prime location - Luxury finishing

Luxury 5-Bedroom House with a Room Service Quarters, Security House, Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos Added today
5 beds 5 baths 6 toilets 4 Parking
Island Luxury Homes
3 Bedroom Apartments with BQ — 3-Bedroom Apartments with Boys’ Quarters, Available Exclusive, Old Ikoyi, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
25
₦60,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

3 Bedroom Apartments with BQ

3-Bedroom Apartments with BQ - Old Ikoyi - ₦60M/Year For Rent: 3-bedroom apartments with Boys' Quarters, available exclusively to a single corporate client. The property is located in the prestigious Old Ikoyi and is currently undergoing renovations. Location: Old Ikoyi, Lagos Rent: - 2-Bedroom Apartment -- - 3-Bedroom Apartment with BQ -- ₦60,000,000 per annum Tentative Total Package: To be confirmed Service Charge: To be confirmed Caution: To be confirmed Charges: Agency -- 10% - Legal -- 10% Comes With: Fitted kitchen - Air conditioning - pop ceiling - Ensuite bedrooms - 24-hour power - Treated water - Boys' Quarters - Secure environment - Prime location Important: The property comprises 6 units in total and is available strictly for lease to a single corporate client.

3-Bedroom Apartments with Boys’ Quarters, Available Exclusive, Old Ikoyi, Ikoyi, Lagos Added today
3 beds 3 baths 4 toilets 3 Parking
Island Luxury Homes
Rare 2, 270SQM Plot of Land — Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
7
₦9,100,000,000

Residential land for sale

Rare 2, 270SQM Plot of Land

A large premium expanse of direct waterfront land measuring 2,270 square metres available for sale in Banana Island, Ikoyi --- Lagos most prestigious residential address. Property Details: - Location: Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos - Land Size: 2,270 sqm - Title: Certificate of Occupancy (FC of O) - Category: Residential Land - Positioning: Direct Waterfront Description: It is a rare opportunity to acquire a substantial direct waterfront parcel in the heart of Banana Island. Large-format plots of this size are increasingly scarce within the estate. This luxury waterfront plot of land in Banana Island offers premium waterfront frontage within Nigeria's most prestigious residential estate. The land is ideal for: - Ultra-luxury private mansion development - Waterfront estate compound - High-end redevelopment project - Long-term capital appreciation investment Banana Island remains the benchmark for luxury real estate in Nigeria, known for its exclusivity, security, infrastructure, and strong asset value preservation. Serious enquiries and buyers only. Contact us to schedule a tour. About Banana Island, Ikoyi Banana Island is Lagos' most prestigious and exclusive residential address, located in Ikoyi on Lagos Island. Known for its secure, gated environment and meticulously planned infrastructure, it is home to Nigeria's elite, top executives, diplomats, and high-net-worth individuals. The estate features wide roads, underground utilities, reliable power supply, and premium waterfront properties with direct lagoon access. With its privacy, luxury developments, and strong property value appreciation.

Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos
2270 sqm
Ejo Properties Limited
Bulk Deal on Full Building. Amazing Roi — Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
9
$16,000,000

House for sale

Bulk Deal on Full Building. Amazing Roi

An entire G+7 luxury residential full building for sale in Ikoyi, one of Lagos most prestigious and high-demand investment corridors, available as a single bulk acquisition off Bourdillon Road. Ejo Properties proudly presents an exceptional bulk investment opportunity in the heart of Ikoyi, Off Bourdillon Road, a premium G+7 luxury residential development sitting on approximately 2,000sqm. Property Composition - 12 Units of Spacious 3-Bedroom Apartments - Each apartment comes with ensuite Boy's Quarter with its own kitchen - 1 Unit of Massive Full-Floor 5-Bedroom Penthouse - Fully fitted kitchens with brand-new appliances - Two Elevators (lifts) - Swimming pool - Fully equipped gym - Massive soundproof generator - Spacious parking area - Premium finishing throughout - Excellent location in Ikoyi This trophy asset comprises multiple luxury apartments specifically designed to attract corporate tenants, embassies, multinational companies, expatriates and institutional investors seeking stable rental income and long-term capital appreciation. Why Investors Love This Asset Properties of this caliber are highly sought after by: - Embassies - Oil & Gas Companies - Blue-chip corporations - International organizations - Expatriate housing providers - Corporate master lease operators Bulk residential assets in Ikoyi enjoy high occupancy rates, steady cash flow and excellent long-term appreciation, making them true generational wealth assets. Estimated Rental Performance Investment Rationale This is not a typical residential listing. It is a complete income-generating asset in one of Lagos most enduring blue-chip addresses, structured to deliver stable, dollar-denominated returns with minimal vacancy risk. Projected Returns Income Stream Estimated Annual Income - Per 3-Bedroom Unit usd 50,000 - 5-Bedroom Penthouse usd 75,000 - Total Building Yield per annum usd 735,000 This translates to an attractive gross rental yield for investors seeking stable and predictable income. Location Advantages - Off Bourdillon Road, Old Ikoyi - Minutes from Banana Island - Easy access to Victoria Island and Lekki - Surrounded by premium residences - Secure and highly prestigious neighbourhood Asking Price usd 16,000,000 Only Serious enquiries only. Ejo Properties Limited Luxury Real Estate Advisory Sales Lettings Property Marketing Contact ejo Properties to request a full investor package, arrange a site visit, or receive a detailed roi and rental yield projection for this asset.

Ikoyi, Lagos
5 beds 5 baths 6 toilets 30 Parking
Ejo Properties Limited
500 SQM Plot of Land — Parkview, Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
3
₦800,000,000

Land for sale

500 SQM Plot of Land

A prime 500sqm waterfront plot in the newly developing Parkview Extension, offering beautiful views of the Lagoon, Ocean Parade, Banana Island, and the Ikoyi skyline. Price: ₦800 Million Size: 500sqm Location: Parkview Extension, Ikoyi Title: C of O Key Highlights: - Direct waterfront positioning - Excellent views and surroundings - Fast-developing luxury district - Ideal for a private luxury residence or premium development - Strong long-term investment potential - Limited waterfront land availability For enquiries, inspections, and further details, contact ejo Properties Limited.

Parkview, Ikoyi, Lagos
500 sqm
Ejo Properties Limited
3000SQM Land Available in a Highend Environment — Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
1
₦2,200,000 per sq.m

Land for sale

3000SQM Land Available in a Highend Environment

Land for sale Location: Ikoyi Size: 3000 SQM Price: N2.2m/sqm For additional details, inquiries, and physical inspections, Call our hotline 07088065449 You can send us a quick mail to: [email protected] Take Advantage Today!

Ikoyi, Lagos Added today
3000 sqm
Future Homes Properties and Investment LTD
Newly Built 3 Bedroom Apartment — Ikoyi, Lagos
Premium
15
₦1,000,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

Newly Built 3 Bedroom Apartment

Newly Built 3 Bedroom Apartment Location : Ikoyi, Lagos Price: 3 Bedroom Apartment = N1Billion Document: C of O Features: Apartment Secured Area Living Room All Rooms En-suite Fitted Kitchen Gas burner Oven Heat Extractor Water heater Walk-in Closet Walk-In Shower Spacious Rooms Swimming Pool

Ikoyi, Lagos
3 beds 3 baths 4 toilets 2 Parking
Brookstel Properties LTD

Showing 1–21 of 13,861 properties

Area Guide

About Ikoyi, Lagos

By and large, Ikoyi is a posh neighbourhood with a mishmash of exquisite residential apartments and commercial presence.

Ikoyi borders the Lagos Lagoon and takes up the eastern half of Lagos Island. It is one of the towns that make up the Eti-Osa Local Government Area of Lagos state.

Originally, the British Colonial Governments designated Ikoyi as a residential area for the expatriate community perhaps due to its proximity to the sea. However this arrangement changed with time with big establishments locating their corporate headquarters at Ikoyi. Ikoyi is home to the creme de la creme of the Nigerian society, from diplomats to senior company, business executives and senior public servants.

Read the full area guide
FAQ

Frequently asked questions

The average price of flats, houses, land and commercial property in Ikoyi, Lagos is ₦45,000,000 per annum.

The price of the most expensive flats, houses, land and commercial property in Ikoyi, Lagos is ₦350,000,000 per annum.

The price of the cheapest flats, houses, land and commercial property in Ikoyi, Lagos is ₦4,000,000 per annum.

There are 13,861 available flats, houses, land and commercial property in Ikoyi, Lagos. You can view and filter the list of property by price, furnishing and recency.