Nigeria Property Centre

Residential Land in Mowe Town, Ogun

There are 26 land for sale and rent in Mowe Town as of 14 Aug 2026, with an average price of ₦6.5M. Every listing is posted by an estate agent or developer you can contact directly — filter by price, type, furnishing and recency to find the right home.

Prime Residential Plot of Land — Bluestone Treasure Estate, Mowe Town, Ogun
Premium
6
₦25,000,000

Residential land for sale

Prime Residential Plot of Land

Own a valuable piece of real estate in the fast-growing hub of Mowe Town at Bluestone Treasure Estate -- a secure and well-planned environment perfect for both living and investment. This offer features: 3-Bedroom Pre-Finished Structure A solidly built, professionally designed 3-bedroom home at pre-finished level. The structure allows you to complete the interior to your personal taste and standard --- giving you flexibility while saving construction time and cost. Ideal for families or investors looking for high rental value. 3 bedroom pre finished structure:45million Plot of Land A well-documented plot located within a serene and developing estate layout. Suitable for residential development or long-term investment as property value continues to appreciate in Mowe. A plot of land:25million Why Bluestone Treasure Estate? Peaceful and secure environment Strategic location with easy access to major roads Fast-developing neighborhood High appreciation potential Suitable for home ownership Location: 25 mins drive from alausa,ikeja,less than 5 minutes drive from mowe bustop on the lagos ibadan expressway. For more enquiries: +2348033260941

Bluestone Treasure Estate, Mowe Town, Ogun
Holtose GNS Concept
Affordable Land Gated Estate — Mowe Golf Town, Mowe Town, Ogun
Premium
3 Video
₦15,500,000 per plot

Residential land for sale

Affordable Land Gated Estate

Own a Piece of Nigeria's Eco-Conscious & Premier Golfing Real Estate Investment! Welcome to Mowe Golf Town --- where eco-friendly living meets elite lifestyle. This is more than just real estate --- it's a green investment into wellness, leisure, and long-term value. Nestled in a serene environment inspired by golf and eco-tourism, Mowe Golf Town is a one-of-a-kind destination for forward-thinking investors and lifestyle lovers. Product outline: Green Residence Resort Initial Deposit: ₦5M Creek View Available in 300 SQM & 500 SQM Initial Deposit: ₦1M Commercial Village 500 SQM plots available Initial Deposit: ₦3M Whether you're investing for peace of mind, premium living, or profitable returns---Mowe Golf Town is your green gateway to wealth and serenity. Start your journey today. Secure your plot. Own your future. Call/WhatsApp: +2347087629763

Mowe Golf Town, Mowe Town, Ogun
Pro Samlight International
Exclusive C of O Land in a Secure Location — Mowe Town, Ogun
Premium
2
₦6,500,000

Residential land for sale

Exclusive C of O Land in a Secure Location

Vestige Parks & Gardens, Mowe is currently selling at ₦6.5 Million (All Inclusive). By this Saturday, less than 48 hours from now, the price will increase to ₦8 Million per plot. That means if you wait, you'll be paying ₦1.5 Million more for the same property, in the same location, with the same title. The choice is simple: Secure your plot now at ₦6.5 Million Or pay ₦8 Million after the price review. Smart investors don't wait for prices to rise. They position themselves before the increase. Don't miss this opportunity to save ₦1.5 Million.

Mowe Town, Ogun
500 sqm
Tohoshomes
Premium Resort Ready to Build Land with C of O — Mowe Golf Town Opposite Christopher University, Mowe Town, Ogun
Premium
2 Video
₦20,000,000 per plot

Residential land for sale

Premium Resort Ready to Build Land with C of O

Mowe golf town -- luxury, lifestyle & HIGH-Return Investment Welcome to Mowe Golf Town --- a premium residential and tourism destination designed for individuals who value exclusivity, comfort, and long-term wealth. Strategically located off the Lagos-Ibadan Expressway, this iconic estate combines modern infrastructure with a world-class lifestyle experience. Key attraction Live Around a Golf Course Enjoy a prestigious lifestyle with access to a championship golf environment --- perfect for leisure and elite networking. Premium Waterfront Options Creek view and lakefront plots offering serenity, beauty, and higher property value. Tourism & Hospitality Hub Designed to attract visitors, boosting rental income and commercial opportunities. Estate Features (PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE) Golf Course & Recreational Area Well-laid Road Network Electricity Infrastructure Drainage System Water Supply (Borehole System) 24/7 Security Landscaped Green Areas Commercial Zone (Shops & Businesses) Residential Zones (Planned Layout) Good Accessibility from Expressway Limited plots Available Lakefront plots - 500sqm -- ₦20M Documentation fee:N3M Initial Deposit: N3M Commercial Plots - 500sqm -- ₦28M flexible payment plan available For inquiries and site inspection call/whatsapp amaka : +2349059227043

Mowe Golf Town Opposite Christopher University, Mowe Town, Ogun
500 sqm
E&j Property Hub Naija Limited
The Smartest Investment Starts with Land, Secure Land, Secure Future — Bluestone 2.0, Ofada Papalanto Road, Mowe Town, Ogun
Premium
5
₦15,000,000 per plot

Residential land for sale

The Smartest Investment Starts with Land, Secure Land, Secure Future

Bluestone 2.0 exclusive - the future of family living Tired of the Lagos hustle but refuse to sacrifice connectivity? Welcome to bluestone 2.0, your elegant escape in Mowe-Ofada. This is more than just an estate;it's a 25-minute bridge to the city heart Ikeja city Center and The International Airport made seamless by the Ofada-Papalanto Road. At Bluestone 2.0 we didn't just build homes , we designed a community where peace of mind is the greatest luxury. 3 Bedroom Bungalow Living Redefined 1. Ultimate Privacy: Every room is en-suite, granting personal space for all. 2. The Heart of the Home: A large, inviting living room---perfect for hosting or cozy family evenings. 3. No Parking Worries: Dedicated, ample space to comfortably park up to 3 cars. Price: ₦47.5M (All fees inclusive) Flexible Plan: Start with just ₦5M and spread the balance conveniently over 12 months Our Estate, Your Amenities: Life here is effortless and secure, supported by premium infrastructure: Smooth Sailing: Durable, well-paved For more Enquiries:+2348033260941

Bluestone 2.0, Ofada Papalanto Road, Mowe Town, Ogun
600 sqm
Holtose GNS Concept
Dry Land with C of O Title in an Estate — Bluestone Estate, Mowe Town, Ogun
Premium
4 Video
₦23,000,000

Residential land for sale

Dry Land with C of O Title in an Estate

Bluestone shelter prime estate, a rapidly developing residential haven located just 30 minutes from ikeja, lagos. mowe town title - government approved c of o this estate offers a perfect blend of serenity and urban proximity, with access to key landmarks like: Murtala Muhammed international Airport Ojodu berger Magodo gra Omole estate Alausa secretariat ikeja city mall/Ikeja Buy and Build (100% dry land): - 500 sqm: ₦23m flexible payment plans with 6 and 12 month plans available, conditions apply key features: Steady power supply Well-planned drainage system Paved roads & streetlights Gated 24hrs security Serene Accessible call/whatsapp:+2348092835813

Bluestone Estate, Mowe Town, Ogun
5 Parking 500 sqm
Wright Home Business Solution
Dry Land 600SQM — Mowe Ofada, Mowe Town, Ogun
Premium
3 Video
₦3,000,000 per plot

Residential land for sale

Dry Land 600SQM

Bluestone diamond estate mowe town Get ready for a lifestyle upgrade at Bluestone diamond estate . The estate boasts of a blend with nature and its close proximity to the city buzz. The estate is designed for those who appreciate the finer things in life with modern amenities, breathtaking landscapes, and a vibrant community where your dream home awaits. Now selling residential 300SQM- 1.8M 600SQM- 3M commercial 5M 3bedroom pre- finish Bungalow 46.5M initial deposit 500k for Land 1.5M for House Spread the balance for 12month interest free features Gate House Good Road/ Drainage Network Perimeter Fence 24hrs Power Supply Water Security Solar Street Light CCTV Camera what you need to know about bluestone diamond estate mowe town The estate is in a very strategic location. TheThe estate is facing papalanto coastal.

Mowe Ofada, Mowe Town, Ogun
Femzy Realty Services
A Plot of Land of 450SQMT Size — Almond County Estate, Mowe Town, Ogun
Featured
5
₦15,000,000

Residential land for sale

A Plot of Land of 450SQMT Size

A Land of 450sqm in a well secured Estate at Almond county Estate Mowe Ogun state. Price: 15m 5% agent fee Two plot available for sale

Almond County Estate, Mowe Town, Ogun
450 sqm
First_jay Enterprise
Full Plot in Fast Developing Estate for Immediate Development — Bluestone Garden City Estate, Mowe Town, Ogun
Featured
1 Video
₦30,000,000 per plot

Residential land for sale

Full Plot in Fast Developing Estate for Immediate Development

Full plot at Bluestone Estate, Mowe Town Title: C of O Price: ₦30m Feature Good access road Secured estate Verifiable document Serene environment Good neighborhood Huge appreciation value Enquiries 0706 509 9207

Bluestone Garden City Estate, Mowe Town, Ogun
Sambeca Homes and Properties
Undeveloped Plot of Land — Mowe Town, Ogun
4
₦5,000,000

Residential land for sale

Undeveloped Plot of Land

A parcel of dry, flat and undeveloped land measuring approximately 719 square metres. Location: Beaufort Royale Estate, off Ibokun Aro Road, opposite Christopher University, Lagos-Ibadan Expressway, Mowe axis. (5 minutes drive from the expressway) price: N5 million Available documents: Survey Plan and Deed

Mowe Town, Ogun
Nuga & Partners Estate Surveyors & Valuers
Premium Residential Plots in a Modern Estate — Almond County, Mowe Town, Ogun
4
₦12,000,000 per plot

Residential land for sale

Premium Residential Plots in a Modern Estate

Discover modern living at Almond County, Mowe Town --- a dynamic and tastefully designed estate built to deliver a world-class lifestyle. This estate offers prime residential plots with excellent topography, secured gated access, and top-notch infrastructure. Located just 10 minutes from Redemption Camp and 20 minutes from Lagos Mainland, Almond County provides the perfect balance of convenience, comfort, and class. Each plot comes with a Global Certificate of Occupancy, ensuring peace of mind and a secure investment. Title Document - Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) Estate Features and Amenities - Secured environment - Instant allocation - 100% dry land - Recreational facilities - Perimeter fencing - Motorable road network Exclusive Subscriber Benefits - Up to ₦500,000 voucher on your second plot - Architectural design and boq - Expert supervision - Global Certificate of Occupancy Land Sizes & Payment Plan 300 SQM - Price: ₦12,000,000 (0--12 Months) 600 SQM - Price: ₦20,000,000 (0--12 Months) Initial Deposit: ₦500,000 only Flexible payment plans make it easy to secure your plot while spreading the balance conveniently. Why Choose Almond County, Mowe Town? - Designed for individuals and families seeking luxury, safety, and long-term value - Proximity to Redemption Camp and Lagos Mainland - Guaranteed steady value appreciation - Perfect for both residential living and investment Act Fast -- Limited Plots Available! Opportunities like this don't last forever. Secure your spot today and enjoy a premium lifestyle with long-term rewards. Call or WhatsApp Hanifar Dynamic Co. Ltd at (+2348131578586) to purchase, further enquiries, or property inspection. Would you like me to also prepare a shorter, ad-style version of this listing that you can use on social media to attract quick attention? More Properties at www.mynaijaproperties.com

Almond County, Mowe Town, Ogun
Hanifar Dynamic Company Limited
Plots of Land in a Premium Smart & Secure Estate — The Maldives Gardens, Mowe Town, Ogun
1
₦5,000,000

Residential land for sale

Plots of Land in a Premium Smart & Secure Estate

We have plots of land available for sale at The Maldives Gardens, a premium residential estate developed by VG The Maldives Gardens Estates, located a 3-minute drive from the Lagos-Ibadan Expressway, directly opposite Christopher University in Mowe, Ogun State. The estate comes with a registered survey title, and all fees are inclusive in the listed prices. A balance payment period of 120 days (4 months) applies after the initial deposit. Available Plot Sizes & Pricing - 300 sqm --- Promo Price: ₦3,050,000 (Actual Price: ₦3,300,000) Initial Deposit: ₦600,000 - 500 sqm --- Promo Price: ₦5,000,000 (Actual Price: ₦5,500,000) Initial Deposit: ₦1,000,000 The estate comes with the following features and facilities: - Perimeter fencing for enhanced security - 24/7 surveillance and gated community access - Well-planned internal road network - Green areas promoting sustainability and natural beauty - Recreational centre for leisure and family activities - Lounge for social gatherings and relaxation - 24/7 electricity supply - Centralised waste management system The estate is conveniently located near the following landmarks: - Christopher University --- directly opposite, approximately 3 minutes away - RCCG Redemption Camp --- within 5 minutes drive - Mainland Estate --- neighbouring residential area - Seakam Industry --- within 10--15 minutes - New Makun City --- approximately 20--30 km along the expressway Call or WhatsApp Hanifar Dynamic Co. Ltd (+2348131578586) to purchase, for further enquiries, or to schedule a property inspection. More Properties at www.mynaijaproperties.com

The Maldives Gardens, Mowe Town, Ogun
Hanifar Dynamic Company Limited
An Affordable Residential Land — Mowe Town, Ogun
7 Video
₦5,400,000

Residential land for sale

An Affordable Residential Land

Don't just buy land, buy into the future here at Richland Residences, Mowe Town 𝐏𝐫𝐞-𝐥𝐚𝐮𝐧𝐜𝐡 𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐧𝐨𝐰 𝐥𝐢𝐯𝐞! We're offering pre-launch prices that won't last long: 6𝟎𝟎𝐬𝐪𝐦 𝐩𝐥𝐨𝐭𝐬 -- ₦8.1𝐦𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝐬𝐪𝐦 𝐩𝐥𝐨𝐭𝐬 -- ₦5.4 𝐦𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐨𝐧 Location: Mowe Town, 25mins Drive To Lagos Mainland 𝑨𝙇𝑳 𝑰𝙉𝑪𝙇𝑼𝙎𝑰𝙑𝑬 --- 𝑵𝙊 𝙀𝑿𝙏𝑹𝘼 𝘾𝑯𝘼𝑹𝙂𝑬𝙎! 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐬𝐨 𝐡𝐚𝐯𝐞 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐏𝐥𝐨𝐭𝐬 𝐀𝐯𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐀𝐜𝐫𝐞𝐬 𝐃𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐬 Payment plans available up to 12 months. These prices are for serious buyers who act fast --- because once we officially launch, these rates are gone forever. Call or DM to secure your plot: 𝐅𝐨𝐫 𝐌𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧, 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐏𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐂𝐚𝐥𝐥/𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭𝐬𝐀𝐩𝐩: 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐦𝐜𝐨 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐲: 𝟎𝟕𝟎𝟔𝟗𝟔𝟎𝟒𝟕𝟐𝟔/𝟎𝟕𝟎𝟖𝟖𝟔𝟒𝟐𝟏𝟗𝟑 𝐟𝐢𝐫𝐦𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐲@𝐠𝐦𝐚𝐢𝐥.𝐜𝐨𝐦

Mowe Town, Ogun
600 sqm
GF Enterprise
300SQM Land with C of O — Lagos-Ibadan Expressway, Mowe Town, Ogun
3 Video
₦10,500,000 per plot

Residential land for sale

300SQM Land with C of O

Land for Sale in Mowe Town - Looking for affordable land for sale in Mowe or a bungalow in a secure estate? Mowe Golf Town is the perfect destination for homeowners, investors, and businesses looking for high property appreciation, serene living, and modern amenities. Prime Location -- Off Lagos-Ibadan Expressway, Mowe Mowe Golf Town is strategically located in a fast-developing area, offering easy access to Lagos, Ogun State, and Ibadan. The estate is close to: RCCG Camp Christopher University Punch Newspaper C-Way Foods & Beverages Muritala Muhammed International Airport, Ikeja Ikeja Train Station Available Properties & Prices: Creek View (Land for Sale in Mowe) 300 SQM -- ₦10.5M Documentation Fee: ₦3M Initial Deposit: ₦1M Commercial Village (For Business & Investments) 500 SQM -- ₦28M Documentation Fee: ₦3M Initial Deposit: ₦3M Estate Features & Amenities: Golf Course & Waterfront Views Gated Community with 24/7 Security Solar Power & 24/7 Electricity Serene Environment with Tree Planting Modern Architectural Design ️ Why Buy Land or a Bungalow in Mowe Golf Town? Fast-growing real estate hub with high roi Secure, well-planned estate with premium infrastructure Flexible payment plans to suit your budget For inquiries and inspection, call or send a DM to Mirabel +234-0974-817994.

Lagos-Ibadan Expressway, Mowe Town, Ogun
300 sqm
Miraemma Properties Limited
Residential Land with C of O — Lagos - Ibadan Expressway, Mowe Town, Ogun
3 Video
₦15,000,000

Residential land for sale

Residential Land with C of O

Looking for affordable land for sale in Mowe in a secure estate? Mowe Golf Town is the perfect destination for homeowners, investors, and businesses looking for high property appreciation, serene living, and modern amenities. Prime Location -- Off Lagos-Ibadan Expressway, Mowe Mowe Golf Town is strategically located in a fast-developing area, offering easy access to Lagos, Ogun State, and Ibadan. The estate is close to: RCCG Camp Christopher University Punch Newspaper C-Way Foods & Beverages Muritala Muhammed International Airport, Ikeja Ikeja Train Station Available Properties & Prices: Creek View (Land for Sale in Mowe) 500 SQM -- ₦15M Documentation Fee: ₦3M Initial Deposit: ₦1M Commercial Village (For Business & Investments) 500 SQM -- ₦28M Documentation Fee: ₦3M Initial Deposit: ₦3M Estate Features & Amenities: Golf Course & Waterfront Views Gated Community with 24/7 Security Solar Power & 24/7 Electricity Serene Environment with Tree Planting Modern Architectural Design ️ Why Buy Land or a Bungalow in Mowe Golf Town? Fast-growing real estate hub with high roi Secure, well-planned estate with premium infrastructure Flexible payment plans to suit your budget For inquiries and inspection, call or send a DM to Mirabel+234-0974-817994.

Lagos - Ibadan Expressway, Mowe Town, Ogun
500 sqm
Miraemma Properties Limited
Fenced and Gated 10 Acres of Dry Land Along Major Road — Pakuro via Lotto Bus Stop, Off Lagos Ibadan Expressway, Mowe Town, Ogun
4
₦3,500,000 per plot

Residential land for sale

Fenced and Gated 10 Acres of Dry Land Along Major Road

Pakuro Lotto Awoof Sales! Fenced and Gated 10 acres awoof dry plots of land in Pakuro along Ofada road off Lagos Ibadan express way before Mowe. The major road along this property connects to Ofada. Area is fast developing. Over 10 acres of land is available here for investors seeking affordable locations not far from Lagos State. Price: 4.5m per plot (Net Price) Back Plots are 3.5m per plot (Net Price) The future is cheap if you buy today.

Pakuro via Lotto Bus Stop, Off Lagos Ibadan Expressway, Mowe Town, Ogun
Real Legend Homes LTD
Two Acres of Dry Land in a Developing Area — Pakuro, via Lotto Bus Stop, Off Lagos Ibadan Expressway, Mowe Town, Ogun
5
₦9,000,000

Residential land for sale

Two Acres of Dry Land in a Developing Area

Awoof Sales In Pakuro Lotto! Massive Two Acres of dry land in Pakuro selling @ 9m per plot. Area is developing, there's electricity and accessible road from the expressway. Location: Pakuro, 25 minutes drive from Ikeja Airport Price : 9m Title : Family Receipt

Pakuro, via Lotto Bus Stop, Off Lagos Ibadan Expressway, Mowe Town, Ogun
Real Legend Homes LTD
5 Acres of Dry Up Land in a Developing Area — Pakuro, via Lotto Bus Stop, Off Lagos Ibadan Expressway, Mowe Town, Ogun
2
₦7,500,000

Residential land for sale

5 Acres of Dry Up Land in a Developing Area

Pakuro Lotto Mega Sales! 5 Acres of dry up land is selling within Pakuro Lotto before Mowe along Lagos Ibadan Expressway @ 7.5m per plot. Title Document : Family Receipt Location : Pakuro Lotto, 15 minutes drive from Ojodu Berger Lagos. 25 minutes drive from Ikeja Airport Hurry up and join the owners of the future.

Pakuro, via Lotto Bus Stop, Off Lagos Ibadan Expressway, Mowe Town, Ogun
Real Legend Homes LTD
2 Plot of Land — Golden Heritage Estate, Omusoko, Mowe Town, Ogun
1
₦25,000,000

Residential land for sale

2 Plot of Land

For sale 2 plot of land in Golden Heritage² Estate, Omusoko, Bala, Mowe, ogun state. Title Allocation letter⁰ Deed of assignment Global CofO Price =#25M for 2 plots (negotiable) Price =#12.5M for 1 plot (negotiable) abd abo jab gec Call/whatsapp: 09124412127 https://kerantol.com/ Nb: Do you own a property that you want to sell, lease or rent out or even do a jv very fast, you can talk to us.

Golden Heritage Estate, Omusoko, Mowe Town, Ogun
1300 sqm
Kerantol Limited
Bluestone Land Now Selling with C of O — Directly Along the New Constructed Papalanto - Sagamu Road, Mowe Town, Ogun
7
₦15,000,000 per plot

Residential land for sale

Bluestone Land Now Selling with C of O

Bluestone 2.0 exclusive - the future of family living Tired of the Lagos hustle but refuse to sacrifice connectivity? Welcome to bluestone 2.0, your elegant escape in Mowe-Ofada. This is more than just an estate;it's a 25-minute bridge to the city heart Ikeja city Center and The International Airport made seamless by the Ofada-Papalanto Road. At Bluestone 2.0 , we didn't just build homes , we designed a community where peace of mind is the greatest luxury. 3 Bedroom Bungalow Living Redefined 1. Ultimate Privacy: Every room is en-suite, granting personal space for all. 2. The Heart of the Home: A large, inviting living room---perfect for hosting or cozy family evenings. 3. No Parking Worries: Dedicated, ample space to comfortably park up to 3 cars. Price: ₦47.5M (All fees inclusive) Flexible Plan: Start with just ₦5M and spread the balance conveniently over 12 months Our Estate, Your Amenities: Life here is effortless and secure, supported by premium infrastructure: Smooth Sailing: Durable, well-paved internal roads. Worry-Free Wet Seasons: Robust, modern drainage system. Safe & Bright: Energy-efficient streetlights keeping the entire estate secure. Room to Play: A dedicated, secure play area where your children can thrive. Build Your Own Legacy (Land Option): An investment in Bluestone 2.0 is an investment in your family's future. Secure titled land in this rapidly appreciating community: Full Legacy Plot (500sqm) --- ₦15M Starter Plot (300sqm) --- ₦10M Bluestone 2.0 offers you the rare opportunity to own a peaceful family sanctuary without disconnecting from the city's economic pulse. Call/WhatsApp 08134845536

Directly Along the New Constructed Papalanto - Sagamu Road, Mowe Town, Ogun
6 Parking 500 sqm
Swift Concept Realtors

Showing 1–20 of 26 properties

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

The average price of residential land in Mowe Town, Ogun is ₦6,500,000.

The price of the most expensive residential land in Mowe Town, Ogun is ₦15,000,000.

The price of the cheapest residential land in Mowe Town, Ogun is ₦5,000,000.

There are 26 available residential land in Mowe Town, Ogun. You can view and filter the list of property by price, furnishing and recency.