Nigeria Property Centre

2 Bedroom Flats in Lekki, Lagos

There are 11,240 flats for sale and rent in Lekki as of 18 Sep 2026, with an average price of ₦10.5M. Every listing is posted by an estate agent or developer you can contact directly — filter by price, type, furnishing and recency to find the right home.

Neighbourhoods
1st Roundabout 2nd Roundabout 2nd Toll Gate Admiralty Homes Estate Admiralty Road Ajiran Road Alma Beach Estate Alperton Estate Alpha Beach Alpha Beach Estate Alpha Beach Road Arcadia Grove Estate Atlantic Estate Atlantic View Estate Bakare Estate Bayview Estate Bera Estate Bourdillon Court Bridge Gate Estate Brookhill Park Estate Brownstone Estate Buena Vista Estate Cadogan Estate Cadogan Place Estate Canal West Estate Cardogan Estate Carlton Gate Estate Chevron Alternative Route Chevron Drive Chevron Toll Gate Chevy View Estate Chois Gardens Estate Cooplag Gardens Estate Cowrie Creek Estate Cromwell Court Estate Cyberville Estate Eastland Golf Estate Eleganza Estate Elf Estate Estates Estates Estates Estates Fara Park Estate Femi Okunnu Estate Flourish Gate Garden Freedom Way Friends Colony Estate Frisco Court Goshen Estate GRA Green Park Estate Hampton Bay Estate Heirs Park Estate Horizon II Estate House on the Rock HRC Estate Idado Estate Ikota County Estate Ikota Villa Estate Inoyo Havens Estate Itedo Estate Ivy Luxuria Estate Jakande First Gate Jordan Brooke Estates Kusenla Road Lakeview Estate Lekki Conservation Centre Lekki County Estate Lekki Gardens Horizon 1 Lekki Pearl Garden Lekki Scheme 2 Lekki Scheme I LSDPC Estate Maiyegun Beach Estate Manor Gardens Estate Marwa Megamound Estate Melrose Park Estate Milverton Estate Mobil Estate Mobolaji Johnson Estate Napier Gardens Estate New Horizon Estate New Road Nicon Town Northern Foreshore Estate Oba Oyekan Estate Ocean Bay Estate Ocean Breeze Estate Oluwanishola Estate Oral Estate Orchid Estate Orchid Road Paradise Estate Parkview Estate Peach Palms Pearly Gate Estate Periwinkle Lifestyle Estate Pinnock Beach Estate Prime Water View Estate Providence Street Richmond Gate Estate Romay Gardens Estate Royal County Estate Royal Haven Estate Royal Pine Estate Safe Court Apartments Seagate Estate Silicon Valley Estate Southern View Estate South Pointe Estate SPG Road Spring Bay Estate Spring Garden Estate Stillwaters Garden Estate The Grandeur Estate TPDC Estate Treasure Garden Estate Tulip Heaven Estate Twin Lake Estate U3 Estate UPDC Estate Valley Stream Estate Van Daniel Estate Victoria Bay Estate Victoria Crest Estate Victoria Park Estate Victory Park Estate Vintage Park Estate Westend Estate Western Foreshore Estate White Oak Estate Willow Greens Estate Woodland Estate Zion Court Estate
Features
Premium Plus Top promoted listing
2 Bedroom Apartment
11 photos
₦8,500,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

2 Bedroom Apartment

Ref: Lea - nse - 20 Description: 2 Bedroom Apartment (1st Floor) Location: Gbangbala Ikate Rent: 8.5m Service charge: N1.5 million deposit excluding diesel Agency: 10% Legal: 10% Caution: 500k For More Information, Kindly Call/WhatsApp: Phone: 08180295362, 08035703715

Ikate, Lekki, Lagos
2 Beds 2 Baths 2 Toilets 2 Parking

No SQM Escapes

Well Finished 2 Bedroom Apartment — Ilasan, Lekki, Lagos
9
₦5,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

Well Finished 2 Bedroom Apartment

Tastefully Built 2Bedroom Apartment Available for rent on the ground floor Location: Ilasan, Lekki Rent:5m Agency 10% Legal 10% Caution 10% Self service Property Features: - All rooms en-suite - Spacious living Area - Fully fitted kitchen - ⁠Fitted Wardrobes - ⁠Well ventilated - Modern pop ceilings & aesthetic light - ⁠Top quality tiles - Ample parking space - 24/7 security in a gated estate - Good road network - ⁠Good electricity Info:[email protected] 08112334059 08145979103

Ilasan, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 1 bath 2 toilets 2 Parking
Woluxe Realty LTD
Luxury Finished 2 Bedroom Apartment — Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
1
₦350,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

Luxury Finished 2 Bedroom Apartment

For sale at lekki phase 1! (Direct Brief) Luxury finished 2 bedroom apartment with bq at Lekki Phase 1. Features: All rooms ensuite, large living room with massive slide doors with terrace, Large masters bedroom with massive slide glass doors with terrace, Fitted kitchen, Luxury sanitary wares, Box room, *24hours electricity, security and clean water. 98% done and to be fully ready by end of August, 2026. Title: Governor Consent *Price: N350million Edwa

Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets
Charis Estate
Premium Off-Plan 2 Bedroom Apartment — Off Admiralty Road, Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
3
₦176,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

Premium Off-Plan 2 Bedroom Apartment

Newly built 2 bedroom apartment -- lekki phase 1 (ADMIRALTY ROAD) Price: N176M (Discount applies for bulk purchase -- 3 units & above) Flexible Payment Plan Available (Up to 24 Months) Property Features --- Newly built with modern architectural design --- Spacious 2-bedroom layout with excellent space utilization --- All rooms en-suite + guest toilet --- Private balcony for relaxation --- Fully fitted kitchen (premium fittings & cabinetry) --- Durable concrete flooring structure --- Ample parking space for residents and visitors ---Located within an interlocked, well-planned estate --- Access to estate swimming pool --- 24/7 security with gated and controlled access ---Clean water supply & efficient drainage system --- Serene, residential-friendly environment Location advantage - Prime location in Lekki Phase 1 (Admiralty Way axis) - Close proximity to major commercial hubs, restaurants, lounges & malls - Excellent road network with easy accessibility Flexible payment plan - Initial deposit: ₦62.99M - Balance spread over 18--24 months Payment breakdown 1. Outright Purchase - Initial Deposit: Nil - Monthly Payment: Nil - Total: ₦176,000,000 2. 6 Months Plan - Initial Deposit: ₦79,999,999 - Monthly: ₦17,466,666.83 - Balance: ₦104,800,001 - Total: ₦184,800,000 3. 12 Months Plan - Initial Deposit: ₦69,999,999 - Monthly: ₦10,300,000.08 - Balance: ₦123,600,001 - Total: ₦193,600,000 4. 18 Months Plan - Initial Deposit: ₦62,999,999 - Monthly: ₦7,793,333.39 - Balance: ₦140,280,001 - Total: ₦203,280,000 5. 24 Months Plan - Initial Deposit: ₦49,999,999 - Monthly: ₦7,083,333 - Balance: ₦170,000,001 - Total: ₦220,000,000 Additional note - Prices are for marketing purposes and may be slightly adjusted. Delivery timeline: Completion Date: 2027

Off Admiralty Road, Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets 2 Parking
Deola Luxe Realty
Standard 2 Bedroom Apartment — George Crescent, Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
3
₦7,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

Standard 2 Bedroom Apartment

Standard 2 bedroom apartment Rent 7m

George Crescent, Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets 5 Parking
S3 Global Height Limited
Fully Furnished & Serviced 2 Bedroom Pent Apartment — Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
13
₦15,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

Fully Furnished & Serviced 2 Bedroom Pent Apartment

for rent lekki phase 1 fully furnished & serviced 2bedroom pent apartment for rent *price -#15m per annum service charge -#1. 5m light- pay as you use agency/legal/caution 10% each Call rutavin company limited Rutavincompanyltd@yahoo. Com 08036181613

Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets 2 Parking
Rutavin Company Limited
Fully Furnished Luxury 2 Bedrooms Apartment on Ground Floor — Primero Nicon Estate, Ikate, Lekki, Lagos
9
₦8,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

Fully Furnished Luxury 2 Bedrooms Apartment on Ground Floor

Fully Furnished Luxury 2Bedrooms Apartment on Ground Floor For Rent. Comes Only with Your Clothes. Location: Primero Nicon Estate Ikate Lekki Lagos. Rent: N8M Per annum Service charges: #1M Comes Sound Proof Generator. Agency: 10% Caution fees: 10% Legal Fee: 10% Features: Sharing fence with Nicon Estate 3Units in a Compound Secured Estate - 24 Hours Securit Standard Kitchen - Ensuite Wardrobes - All Rooms Ensuite - All Rooms Tiles - Dinning Section - Good Road - Serene environment - Prime location - Good neighborhood - Clean Water - Good drainage system

Primero Nicon Estate, Ikate, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets 2 Parking
Enerst Properties
2 Bedroom Apartments Available — Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
25
₦350,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

2 Bedroom Apartments Available

Title: C of O and Building Approval Location: Lekki Phase One, Lagos Features: -⁠ ⁠Fully Serviced -⁠ ⁠All Rooms Ensuite -⁠ ⁠⁠Spacious Living Room -⁠ ⁠⁠Very Spacious Rooms -⁠ ⁠Spacious Compound -⁠ ⁠⁠Space Balconies -⁠ ⁠⁠State of the Art Aesthetics -⁠ ⁠CCTV Surveillance Cameras -⁠ ⁠Spacious Fully Fitted Kitchen -⁠ ⁠⁠Washing Machine -⁠ ⁠⁠Microwave -⁠ ⁠⁠Pop Ceiling -⁠ ⁠⁠Elevator -⁠ ⁠⁠Swimming Pool -⁠ ⁠⁠Gym -⁠ ⁠Ample Car Parking Space -⁠ ⁠⁠Well Detailed Finishing -⁠ ⁠⁠Neat and Serene Environment -⁠ ⁠⁠Clean and Treated Water Supply -⁠ ⁠⁠24hrs Electricity -⁠ ⁠⁠Neat and Serene Environment -⁠ ⁠⁠24 Hours Security -⁠ ⁠⁠Excellent Road Access

Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 2 toilets
Martin Doks Homes
2 Bedroom Apartments with BQ Available — Ikate Elegushi, Lekki, Lagos
24
₦290,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

2 Bedroom Apartments with BQ Available

Title: Governor's Consent & Building Approval Features: - Fully Serviced - All Rooms Ensuite - ⁠Spacious Living Room - ⁠Very Spacious Rooms - Spacious Compound - ⁠Balconies - ⁠State of the Art Aesthetics - CCTV Surveillance Cameras - ⁠Fully Fitted Kitchen - ⁠Microwave - ⁠Washing Machine - ⁠Pop Ceiling - ⁠In-built Speakers - ⁠Swimming Pool - ⁠Fully Equipped Gym - ⁠Relaxation Area - ⁠Elevator - ⁠a Well-Furnished Bq - ⁠Exceptional Concierge Services - Spacious Car Park - ⁠Well Detailed Finishing - ⁠Neat and Serene Environment - ⁠Clean and Treated Water Supply - ⁠24hrs Electricity - ⁠Standby Soundproof Generator - ⁠Neat and Serene Environment - ⁠24 Hours Security - ⁠Excellent Road Access

Ikate Elegushi, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 2 toilets
Martin Doks Homes
Brand New 2 Bedroom Apartment — Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
12
₦18,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

Brand New 2 Bedroom Apartment

Brand New 2 bedroom apartment for rent in Lekki phase 1 with a room staff quarter Rent N18m per annum For more enquirers please call 08090876670 09167713726

Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets
Property Expert
Small Clean and Comfortable 2 Bedroom Flat BQ — Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
4
₦6,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

Small Clean and Comfortable 2 Bedroom Flat BQ

Small Clean and comfortable 2 bedroom flat BQ available to let at Lekki phase 1 Lagos Rent: 6M Agency: 600k Legal: 600k Caution: 600k Service charge: 600k My direct. For inspection WhatsApp adequare investment 08145612576 08073008810

Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets 2 Parking
Ades Squarei Nvestment
Serviced 2 Bedroom Flat — Ilasan, Lekki, Lagos
4
₦9,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

Serviced 2 Bedroom Flat

Two Bedroom Serviced Apartments for rent Location: Snowdrop Apartments Ilasan Road Lekki Rent: N9m Agency: 10% Legal: 10% Service Charge: N1m Refundable Caution Deposit: 10% Diesel Deposit: #1.8m Facilities: - Gym - Swimming pool - Parking space ig

Ilasan, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds
Cathyhills Edge Limited
Newly Built 2 Bedroom Flat — Harris Drive, VGC, Lekki, Lagos
1
₦120,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

Newly Built 2 Bedroom Flat

For sale Newly built 2 Bedroom Flats in a gated Estate. Location: Harris Drive, By VGC, Lekki. 120m Governor's Consent Full video available for serious enquiries Olmu / w

Harris Drive, VGC, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets
Oip Properties
Newly Built 2 Bedroom Flat — Harris Drive, VGC, Lekki, Lagos
1
₦120,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

Newly Built 2 Bedroom Flat

Harris Drive, VGC, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets
Oip Properties
Newly Built 2 Bedroom Flat — Harris Drive, VGC, Lekki, Lagos
1
₦8,000,000 /yr

Flat / apartment for rent

Newly Built 2 Bedroom Flat

For rent Newly built 2 Bedroom Flats in a gated Estate. Location: Harris Drive, By VGC, Lekki. Rent: 8m per annum Full video available for serious enquiries Olmu / w

Harris Drive, VGC, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets 2 Parking
Oip Properties
2 Bedroom Apartment — Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
9
₦400,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

2 Bedroom Apartment

O 2 bed lekki phase 1 N400M Modern Luxury Block of 2 bed Apartment with en-suite bedrooms and elevator Features: Elegant two bedroom apartment with bathrooms and a guest toilet, fitted kitchen and elevator all located within a gated and secure estate. fully serviced Prices : N400M Title: Governor's consent & Building approval 9 Location: Lekki Phase 1, Lagos

Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets
De Itj Realty Company
2-Bedroom Apartment with BQ and a Skyline View — 20 Kenneth Agbakuru Off Rasheed Williams Street (Off Road 13), Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
3 Video
₦290,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

2-Bedroom Apartment with BQ and a Skyline View

The Dove Sunrise Apartments is a modern architectural masterpiece inspired by the elegance of simplicity and the harmony of nature. Its fluid curves and expansive terraces echo the gentle rise of the morning sun, symbolizing new beginnings, warmth, and serenity. Each line and form is carefully crafted tobalance functionality with sophistication---wide balconies invite natural light andairflow, while green accents seamlessly weave nature into urban living. The bold façade combines strength with refinement, reflecting a vision of timeless luxury and contemporary comfort. Located in the heart of Lekki, this development is more than just a residence--- it is a statement of class, a sanctuary of peace, and a celebration of refined living.

20 Kenneth Agbakuru Off Rasheed Williams Street (Off Road 13), Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets 1 Parking
Edge Ways LTD
2 Bedroom Apartment — Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
3
₦220,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

2 Bedroom Apartment

CW09963 Discover this exceptional 2 and 3 bedroom apartment for sale in Ikate, Chisco, price: 3 Bedroom ₦220 million, offering premium Lagos real estate investment in one of the city's most sought-after coastal locations. This Lekki Phase 1 Lagos property boasts comprehensive amenities including elevators, a state-of-the-art gym house, resort-style swimming pool, exquisite rooftop lounge, and 24/7 power supply with treated water systems all underpinned by a smart hybrid security system for peace of mind. Each unit includes a self-contained BQ, undercroft personal parking spaces, and arrives with a Certificate of Occupancy and Governor's Consent, ensuring secure ownership. With flexible payment plans starting from ₦50 million initial deposit spread across six months to a year, and completion targeted for Q3 2027, this 0 bedroom apartment for sale in Lekki Phase 1 represents both accessibility and assured value in Lagos property investment. Secure your stake in this premium development today and benefit from one of Nigeria's most resilient real estate markets. Property Features: - Elevators - Pool - State of the Art Gym House - Treated water - 24/7 Power Suppl - Undercroft Personal Parking Spaces - Exquisite Roof top Lounge - Smart Hybrid Security System - BQ - Pinpoint:6.44460° N, 3.49188° E Financial Details: - Price: ₦220,000,000 Lekki Phase 1 ₦220,000,000 For more Information, Pricing and Private Viewings Please Contact: Esther: 08146401276 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate

Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets
C W Real Estate
2 Bedroom Apartment — Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
3
₦220,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

2 Bedroom Apartment

CW09963 Discover this exceptional 3 bedroom apartment for sale in Ikate, Chisco, price: 3 Bedroom ₦220 million, offering premium Lagos real estate investment in one of the city's most sought-after coastal locations. This Lekki Phase 1 Lagos property boasts comprehensive amenities including elevators, a state-of-the-art gym house, resort-style swimming pool, exquisite rooftop lounge, and 24/7 power supply with treated water systems all underpinned by a smart hybrid security system for peace of mind. Each unit includes a self-contained BQ, undercroft personal parking spaces, and arrives with a Certificate of Occupancy and Governor's Consent, ensuring secure ownership. With flexible payment plans starting from ₦50 million initial deposit spread across six months to a year, and completion targeted for Q3 2027, this 0 bedroom apartment for sale in Lekki Phase 1 represents both accessibility and assured value in Lagos property investment. Secure your stake in this premium development today and benefit from one of Nigeria's most resilient real estate markets. Property Features: - Elevators - Pool - State of the Art Gym House - Treated water - 24/7 Power Suppl - Undercroft Personal Parking Spaces - Exquisite Roof top Lounge - Smart Hybrid Security System - BQ - Pinpoint:6.44460° N, 3.49188° E Financial Details: - Price: ₦220,000,000 Lekki Phase 1 ₦220,000,000 For more Information, Pricing and Private Viewings Please Contact: Esther: 08146401276 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate

Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets
C W Real Estate
2 Bedroom Apartment — Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2
₦250,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

2 Bedroom Apartment

ND268 Discover this newly built 2 bedroom apartment for sale in Lekki Phase 1, Lagos, priced at ₦250,000,000, situated in a serene, gated estate environment. This modern residence features spacious living areas, a fully fitted kitchen with water heater, walk-in closets in all rooms with en-suite bathrooms, dedicated parking space, and thoughtfully designed lighting throughout. The property holds Governor's Consent title and benefits from the security and tranquility that defines Lekki Phase 1 real estate, making it an ideal investment for discerning buyers seeking premium Lagos property in one of the city's most established and sought-after neighbourhoods. Contact us today to arrange exclusive access to this new development listing. Property Features: - ⁠Spacious Living Area - ⁠ Fully fitted Kitchen - ⁠Beautiful Lightings - ⁠ Walk in Closet - ⁠Water heater - ⁠Parking Space - ⁠All Rooms En-Suite - ⁠Serene Environment Financial Details: - Price: ₦250,000,000 Lekki Phase 1 ₦250,000,000 For more Information, Pricing and Private Viewings Please Contact: Esther: 08146401276 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate

Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets
C W Real Estate
2 Bedroom Apartment — Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2
₦250,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

2 Bedroom Apartment

ND268 Discover this newly built 2 bedroom apartment for sale in Lekki Phase 1, Lagos, priced at ₦250,000,000, situated in a serene, gated estate environment. This modern residence features spacious living areas, a fully fitted kitchen with water heater, walk-in closets in all rooms with en-suite bathrooms, dedicated parking space, and thoughtfully designed lighting throughout. The property holds Governor's Consent title and benefits from the security and tranquility that defines Lekki Phase 1 real estate, making it an ideal investment for discerning buyers seeking premium Lagos property in one of the city's most established and sought-after neighbourhoods. Contact us today to arrange exclusive access to this new development listing. Property Features: - ⁠Spacious Living Area - ⁠ Fully fitted Kitchen - ⁠Beautiful Lightings - ⁠ Walk in Closet - ⁠Water heater - ⁠Parking Space - ⁠All Rooms En-Suite - ⁠Serene Environment Financial Details: - Price: ₦250,000,000 Lekki Phase 1 ₦250,000,000 For more Information, Pricing and Private Viewings Please Contact: Esther: 08146401276 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate

Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
2 beds 2 baths 3 toilets
C W Real Estate

Showing 8,561–8,581 of 11,240 properties

Area Guide

About Lekki, Lagos

Lekki is a city located in the eastern part of Lagos. Lekki is a naturally formed peninsula, adjoining to its west Victoria Island and Ikoyi districts of Lagos, with the Atlantic Ocean to its south, Lagos Lagoon to the north, and Lekki Lagoon to its east; however, the city's southeast which ends at around the western edge of Refuge Island, adjoins the eastern part of Ibeju-Lekki LGA. 

The peninsula is approximately 70 to 80km long, with an average width of 10km. Lekki currently houses several Estates, gated residential developments, agricultural farmlands, areas allocated for a Free Trade Zone, with an airport, and a sea port under construction. The proposed land use master plan for the Lekki envisages the Peninsula as a "Blue-Green Environment City", expected to accommodate well over 3.4 million residential population and an additional non-residential population of at least 1.9 million.

Read the full area guide
FAQ

Frequently asked questions

The average price of 2 bedroom flats in Lekki, Lagos is ₦10,500,000 per annum.

The price of the most expensive 2 bedroom flats in Lekki, Lagos is ₦26,000,000 per annum.

The price of the cheapest 2 bedroom flats in Lekki, Lagos is ₦3,000,000 per annum.

There are 11,240 available 2 bedroom flats in Lekki, Lagos. You can view and filter the list of property by price, furnishing and recency.